Tkinter + Matplot动画填充内存 Download

  

C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ Scripts \ python.exe   Tkinter中的C：/Users/veeti/PycharmProjects/Reflow/Main.py异常   回调回溯（最近一次呼叫最近）：文件“ C：\ Program Files   （x86）\ python37 \ lib \ tkinter__init __。py“，第1705行，在调用中       在callit中返回self.func（* args）文件“ C：\ Program Files（x86）\ python37 \ lib \ tkinter__init __。py”，行749       func（* args）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends_backend_tk.py”，   _on_timer中的第118行       TimerBase._on_timer（自己）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backend_bases.py”，   第1194行，在_on_timer中       ret = func（* args，** kwargs）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ animation.py”，   _step中的第1447行       still_going = Animation._step（self，* args）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ animation.py”，   第1173行，在_step中       self._draw_next_frame（framedata，self._blit）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ animation.py”，   第1192行，在_draw_next_frame中       self._draw_frame（framedata）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ animation.py”，   第1755行，在_draw_frame中       self._drawn_artists = self._func（framedata， self._args）文件“ C：/Users/veeti/PycharmProjects/Reflow/Main.py”，第115行，带有动画       canvas.draw（）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends \ backend_tkagg.py”，   第9行，平局       超级（FigureCanvasTkAgg，self）.draw（）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends \ backend_agg.py”，   386行，平局       self.renderer = self.get_renderer（cleared = True）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends \ backend_agg.py”，   get_renderer中的第399行       self.renderer = RendererAgg（w，h，self.figure.dpi）文件“ C：\ Users \ veeti \ PycharmProjects \ Reflow \ venv \ lib \ site-packages \ matplotlib \ backends \ backend_agg.py”，   第86行，初始化       self._renderer = _RendererAgg（int（width），int（height），dpi）MemoryError：在RendererAgg中：内存不足

如果没有第124行的命令“ animate（1）”，动画也不会打开-为什么会这样？

import tkinter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import random
import matplotlib.animation as animation
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import (
    FigureCanvasTkAgg)

def exitHandler():
    print("at exit handler")
    ani.event_source.stop()
    root.destroy()

def startButtonClick():
    print("start")

def stopButtonClick():
    print("stop")

def readTemperature():
    return random.randint(0,250)

def updateTimeLabel(time = -99):
    timeLabel.config(text= "Time: {}".format (time))

def updateTargetTempLabel(temp = -99) :
    targetTempLabel.config(text="Target temp: \n {} ".format (temp))

def updateCurrentTempLabel(temp = -99) :
    currentTempLabel.config(text="Current temp: \n {} ".format (temp))

def updateHeaterStatus(temp,target):
    if (temp < target):
        heaterStatusLabel.config(text="Heater: \n On")
    else:
        heaterStatusLabel.config(text="Heater: \n Off")

def calculateTarget(time):
    global timePoints, tempQuidance, targetTemp

    #find current slope and calculate the target temp

    for i in range (len(timePoints)):
        if (timePoints[i] < time < timePoints[i+1]):
            slope = (tempQuidance[i+1] - tempQuidance[i]) / (timePoints[i+1] -timePoints[i])
            currentTarget = (time -timePoints[i]) * slope + tempQuidance[i]

            return (currentTarget)

def animate(i):
    global timePoints,tempQuidance,numberOfPoints,measuredTemp, time
    time = time+1

    measuredTemp.append(readTemperature())

    numberOfPoints.append(len(measuredTemp))

    ax.clear()
    ax.plot(timePoints,tempQuidance)
    ax.plot(numberOfPoints,measuredTemp)

    updateTimeLabel(time)
    updateTargetTempLabel(calculateTarget(time))
    updateCurrentTempLabel(measuredTemp[-1])
    updateHeaterStatus(measuredTemp[-1], 100)

    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,plotFrame)
    canvas.draw()
    canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan = 4)


global measuredTemp, numberOfPoints, time, targetTemp

time = 0
measuredTemp=[]
numberOfPoints=[]
targetTemp = 0

#temperature profile
timePoints = [0,300,400,460,500]
tempQuidance =[0,150,150,250,0]

root=tkinter.Tk()
root.title('Reflow oven controller')
root.geometry("1600x800")

controlFrame = tkinter.LabelFrame(root,width = 500, height = 800, borderwidth = 3, padx=5,pady=5)
plotFrame = tkinter.LabelFrame(root,padx=5,pady=5)

controlFrame.grid(row = 0, column = 0 )
controlFrame.grid_propagate(0)
plotFrame.grid(row = 0, column= 1)

timeLabel=tkinter.Label(plotFrame,text = "Time: ")
targetTempLabel = tkinter.Label(plotFrame,text = "Target temp")
currentTempLabel = tkinter.Label(plotFrame,text = "Current temp")
heaterStatusLabel = tkinter.Label(plotFrame,text = "Heater status: \n unknown")

timeLabel.grid(row= 0, column=0)
targetTempLabel.grid(row=0, column= 1)
currentTempLabel.grid(row=0, column= 2)
heaterStatusLabel.grid(row = 0, column = 3)

fig=plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

startButton = tkinter.Button(controlFrame, text = "Start", command = startButtonClick)
stopButton = tkinter.Button(controlFrame, text="Stop", command = stopButtonClick)

startButton.grid(row = 0,column = 0)
stopButton.grid(row = 0 ,column= 1 )
animate(1)
ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, interval=1000) #run animation every 1s, animate func takes care of getting new values and GUI update

root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", exitHandler)
root.mainloop()

提前

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：3)

问题是您要一遍又一遍地堆叠画布。与其重新创建画布并像这样堆叠它们，我们不希望在Error in [.data.frame (data, , all.vars(Terms), drop = FALSE) : undefined columns selected函数外部创建画布，然后将draw留在函数中。

解决方法是更改​​此内容

animate

对此：

fig=plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)

def animate(i):
    global timePoints,tempQuidance,numberOfPoints,measuredTemp, time
    time = time+1
    measuredTemp.append(readTemperature())
    numberOfPoints.append(len(measuredTemp))
    ax.clear()
    ax.plot(timePoints,tempQuidance)
    ax.plot(numberOfPoints,measuredTemp)
    updateTimeLabel(time)
    updateTargetTempLabel(calculateTarget(time))
    updateCurrentTempLabel(measuredTemp[-1])
    updateHeaterStatus(measuredTemp[-1], 100)
    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,plotFrame)
    canvas.draw()
    canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan = 4)

我已对您的代码进行了一些整理，以遵循PEP8标准。见下文：

fig=plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig,plotFrame)
canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3,column=0,columnspan = 4)


def animate(i):
    global timePoints,tempQuidance,numberOfPoints,measuredTemp, time
    time = time+1
    measuredTemp.append(readTemperature())
    numberOfPoints.append(len(measuredTemp))
    ax.clear()
    ax.plot(timePoints,tempQuidance)
    ax.plot(numberOfPoints,measuredTemp)
    updateTimeLabel(time)
    updateTargetTempLabel(calculateTarget(time))
    updateCurrentTempLabel(measuredTemp[-1])
    updateHeaterStatus(measuredTemp[-1], 100)
    canvas.draw()

接近动画开始的内存：

1分钟后再进行存储：

如您所见，内存增长已停止，不再超过3 MB /秒。

至于需要使用import tkinter as tk import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import random import matplotlib.animation as animation from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg def exit_handler(): print("at exit handler") ani.event_source.stop() root.destroy() def start_button_click(): print("start") def stop_button_click(): print("stop") def read_temperature(): return random.randint(0, 250) time = 0 measured_temp = [] number_of_points = [] targetTemp = 0 time_points = [0, 300, 400, 460, 500] temp_quidance = [0, 150, 150, 250, 0] root = tk.Tk() root.title('Reflow oven controller') root.geometry("1600x800") control_frame = tk.LabelFrame(root, width=500, height=800, borderwidth=3, padx=5, pady=5) plot_frame = tk.LabelFrame(root, padx=5, pady=5) control_frame.grid(row=0, column=0) control_frame.grid_propagate(0) plot_frame.grid(row=0, column=1) time_label = tk.Label(plot_frame, text="Time: ") target_temp_label = tk.Label(plot_frame, text="Target temp") current_temp_label = tk.Label(plot_frame, text="Current temp") heater_status_label = tk.Label(plot_frame, text="Heater status: \n unknown") time_label.grid(row=0, column=0) target_temp_label.grid(row=0, column=1) current_temp_label.grid(row=0, column=2) heater_status_label.grid(row=0, column=3) def update_time_label(time=-99): time_label.config(text="Time:\n{}".format(time)) def update_target_temp_label(temp=-99): target_temp_label.config(text="Target temp:\n{}".format(temp)) def update_current_temp_label(temp=-99) : current_temp_label.config(text="Current temp:\n{}".format(temp)) def update_heater_status(temp, target): if temp < target: heater_status_label.config(text="Heater:\nOn") else: heater_status_label.config(text="Heater:\nOff") def calculate_target(time): for i in range(len(time_points)): if time_points[i] < time < time_points[i+1]: slope = (temp_quidance[i+1] - temp_quidance[i]) / (time_points[i+1] - time_points[i]) current_target = (time - time_points[i]) * slope + temp_quidance[i] return current_target fig = plt.figure() ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1) canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(fig, plot_frame) canvas.get_tk_widget().grid(row=3, column=0, columnspan=4) def animate(_=None): global time time = time+1 measured_temp.append(read_temperature()) number_of_points.append(len(measured_temp)) ax.clear() ax.plot(time_points, temp_quidance) ax.plot(number_of_points, measured_temp) update_time_label(time) update_target_temp_label(calculate_target(time)) update_current_temp_label(measured_temp[-1]) update_heater_status(measured_temp[-1], 100) canvas.draw() start_button = tk.Button(control_frame, text="Start", command=start_button_click) stop_button = tk.Button(control_frame, text="Stop", command=stop_button_click) start_button.grid(row=0, column=0) stop_button.grid(row=0, column=1) animate() ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, interval=1000) root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", exit_handler) root.mainloop() 来启动动画，我不是100％肯定的。我还没有足够的animate()来了解一切。我什至无法在这里推测，因此其他人将不得不回答这一部分。